㰀氀椀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀∀㸀 䐀椀氀最攀攀爀Ⰰ 䠀愀爀樀椀渀搀攀爀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀Ⰰ 㰀椀㸀匀栀椀爀漀洀愀☀⌀㜀㜀㔀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 䄀欀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀氀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 䐀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀䰀㰀⼀椀㸀⸀ 䨀愀氀愀渀搀栀愀爀Ⰰ 㤀㜀㠀㰀䈀刀㸀ഀഀ
Jaṅg Bahādur Siṅgh
㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀ഀഀ
AKĀLĪ DAL, CENTRAL, a political organization of the Sikhs set up in March 1934 as a parallel body to the Shiromaṇī Akālī Dal. The latter was formed on 14 December 1920 to assist the Shiromaṇī Gurdwārā Parbandhak Committee in its campaign for the reformation of the management of the Sikh places of worship and, under pressure of the agitation it had launched, the Punjab Legislative Council passed on 7 July 1925 the Sikh Gurdwaras Act, providing for a Central Board elected by the Sikhs to take over control of the shrines. On 9 July 1925, the Governor of the Punjab announced that such of the Akālī prisoners as accepted the provisions of the Act and were willing to work by them would be freed. Some of the agitation leaders gave the required assurance and were released, but 15 of them, including Master Tārā Siṅgh and Tejā Siṅgh Samundarī refused and preferred to stay back in jail. This split the Akālīs. Those released tried to capture the Central Board through the first elections under the Sikh Gurdwaras Act held in June 1926, but could win only 26 out of a total of 120 seats, 85 going to the Shiromaṇī Akālī Dal represented by those still under detention. Government withdrew the ban on the Akālīs on 27 September 1926 and the remaining batch of leaders was released from custody. At the first meeting of the Central Board held on 2 October 1926, Sardār Khaṛak Siṅgh (still in jail convicted in connection with the Gurū kā Bāgh agitation) and Master Tārā Siṅgh were unanimously elected president and vice-president, respectively. The Bord, renamed at that first meeting Shiromaṇī Gurdwārā Parbandhak Committee, assumed charge of Gurdwārā management on 27 November 1926.
㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀吀栀攀 匀栀椀爀漀洀愀☀⌀㜀㜀㔀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 䄀欀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀氀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 䐀愀氀 昀甀渀挀琀椀漀渀攀搀 愀猀 愀 眀攀氀氀ⴀ欀渀椀琀 瀀愀爀琀礀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 渀攀砀琀 琀栀爀攀攀 礀攀愀爀猀 甀渀搀攀爀 琀栀攀 氀攀愀搀攀爀猀栀椀瀀 漀昀 䈀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀戀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 䬀栀愀☀⌀㜀㜀㜀愀欀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 昀椀猀猀甀爀攀猀 戀攀最愀渀 琀漀 愀瀀瀀攀愀爀 椀渀 琀栀攀 眀愀欀攀 漀昀 攀氀攀挀琀椀漀渀猀 琀漀 琀栀攀 匀栀椀爀漀洀愀☀⌀㜀㜀㔀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 䜀甀爀搀眀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 倀愀爀戀愀渀搀栀愀欀 䌀漀洀洀椀琀琀攀攀 椀渀 㤀㌀ ⸀ 䈀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀戀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 䬀栀愀☀⌀㜀㜀㜀愀欀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 渀漀琀 漀渀氀礀 爀攀猀椀最渀攀搀 琀栀攀 瀀爀攀猀椀搀攀渀琀猀栀椀瀀 漀昀 琀栀攀 匀栀椀爀漀洀愀☀⌀㜀㜀㔀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 䄀欀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀氀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 䐀愀氀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 愀氀猀漀 氀攀昀琀 琀栀攀 瀀愀爀琀礀 愀氀漀渀最 眀椀琀栀 匀愀爀搀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀 䈀愀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀搀甀爀 䴀攀栀琀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀戀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀Ⰰ 䨀愀琀栀攀搀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀 䬀愀爀琀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 䨀栀愀戀戀愀爀 愀渀搀 䠀愀爀戀愀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀猀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 匀椀猀琀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀⸀ 䴀愀猀琀攀爀 吀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 琀漀漀欀 漀瘀攀爀 愀猀 瀀爀攀猀椀搀攀渀琀 漀昀 琀栀攀 匀栀椀爀漀洀愀☀⌀㜀㜀㔀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 䄀欀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀氀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 䐀愀氀 愀渀搀 爀攀洀愀椀渀攀搀 愀琀 琀栀攀 栀攀氀洀 漀昀 匀椀欀栀 愀昀昀愀椀爀猀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 渀攀砀琀 琀栀爀攀攀 搀攀挀愀搀攀猀⸀ 吀栀攀 焀甀攀猀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 挀漀渀猀琀椀琀甀琀椀漀渀愀氀 爀攀昀漀爀洀猀 椀渀 琀栀攀 挀漀甀渀琀爀礀 甀渀搀攀爀 搀椀猀挀甀猀猀椀漀渀 愀琀 琀栀攀 琀椀洀攀 瀀爀漀洀瀀琀攀搀 琀栀攀 琀眀漀 最爀漀甀瀀猀 琀漀 猀椀渀欀 琀栀攀椀爀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀猀 昀漀爀 愀 眀栀椀氀攀⸀ 䈀甀琀 琀栀攀 渀攀砀琀 䜀甀爀搀眀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 攀氀攀挀琀椀漀渀猀 挀漀洀椀渀最 漀昀昀 椀渀 䘀攀戀爀甀愀爀礀 㤀㌀㌀ 戀爀漀甀最栀琀 琀栀攀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀猀 琀漀 琀栀攀 猀甀爀昀愀挀攀 愀最愀椀渀⸀ 䄀琀 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀 一愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 挀漀渀瘀攀渀攀搀 愀琀 䰀愀栀漀爀攀 漀渀 ㈀㐀ⴀ㈀㔀 䴀愀爀挀栀 㤀㌀㐀Ⰰ 䈀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀戀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 䬀栀愀☀⌀㜀㜀㜀愀欀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 瀀爀攀猀椀搀椀渀最Ⰰ 琀栀攀 昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 愀 猀攀瀀愀爀愀琀攀 瀀愀爀琀礀ⴀ愀琀 昀椀爀猀琀 挀愀氀氀攀搀 匀椀欀栀 一愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䰀攀愀最甀攀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀渀 爀攀渀愀洀攀搀 䌀攀渀琀爀愀氀 䄀欀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀氀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 䐀愀氀 眀愀猀 愀渀渀漀甀渀挀攀搀⸀ 吀栀攀 䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀Ⰰ 眀栀椀氀攀 爀攀樀攀挀琀椀渀最 琀栀攀 䌀漀洀洀甀渀愀氀 䄀眀愀爀搀 愀猀 椀渀樀甀爀椀漀甀猀 琀漀 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀猀 愀渀搀 琀漀 琀栀攀 挀愀甀猀攀 漀昀 椀渀琀攀爀 ⴀ 挀漀洀洀甀渀愀氀 栀愀爀洀漀渀礀 椀渀 琀栀攀 挀漀甀渀琀爀礀Ⰰ 搀攀洀愀渀搀攀搀 ㌀ 瀀攀爀 挀攀渀琀 爀攀瀀爀攀猀攀渀琀愀琀椀漀渀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀猀 椀渀 琀栀攀 倀甀渀樀愀戀 氀攀最椀猀氀愀琀甀爀攀⸀ 䤀琀 攀砀栀漀爀琀攀搀 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀猀 琀漀 戀攀 爀攀愀搀礀 琀漀 洀愀欀攀 愀氀氀 瀀漀猀猀椀戀氀攀 猀愀挀爀椀昀椀挀攀猀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 愀挀栀椀攀瘀攀洀攀渀琀 漀昀 琀栀攀椀爀 瀀漀氀椀琀椀挀愀氀 漀戀樀攀挀琀椀瘀攀 愀渀搀 搀攀挀氀愀爀攀搀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 瀀愀爀琀礀 眀漀甀氀搀 攀渀氀椀猀琀 漀渀攀 氀愀欀栀 瘀漀氀甀渀琀攀攀爀猀 昀漀爀 琀栀椀猀 瀀甀爀瀀漀猀攀⸀ 䈀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀戀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 䬀栀愀☀⌀㜀㜀㜀愀欀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 戀攀挀愀洀攀 瀀爀攀猀椀搀攀渀琀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䌀攀渀琀爀愀氀 䄀欀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀氀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 䐀愀氀Ⰰ 眀椀琀栀 䄀洀愀爀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀Ⰰ 攀搀椀琀漀爀 漀昀 琀栀攀 㰀椀㸀匀栀攀爀ⴀ椀ⴀ 倀甀渀樀愀戀㰀⼀椀㸀Ⰰ 愀猀 眀漀爀欀椀渀最 瀀爀攀猀椀搀攀渀琀 愀渀搀 䜀椀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 匀栀攀爀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 愀渀搀 䠀愀爀戀愀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀猀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 匀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀猀琀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 愀猀 瘀椀挀攀ⴀ瀀爀攀猀椀搀攀渀琀猀⸀ 䄀洀漀渀最 琀栀攀 洀攀洀戀攀爀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 攀砀攀挀甀琀椀瘀攀 挀漀洀洀椀琀琀攀攀 眀攀爀攀 䨀愀猀眀愀渀琀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 䨀栀愀戀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀氀Ⰰ 䴀愀猀琀攀爀 䴀漀琀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 䄀渀愀渀搀瀀甀爀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀Ⰰ 䜀漀瀀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀氀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 匀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀最愀爀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 愀渀搀 䨀愀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最 䈀愀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀搀甀爀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀⸀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀThe Central Akālī Dal's major concerns were safeguarding the religious entity of the Sikhs and ensuring a political status for them in the national setup. With the Shiromaṇī Akālī Dal it remained in constant conflict, especially because of the latter's alignment with the Indian National Congress. In the Shiromaṇī Gurdwārā Parbandhak Committee, it formed a strong opposition block led by men of the stature of Giānī Sher Siṅgh and Amar Siṅgh of the Sher Punjab. It controlled under the provisions of the Gurdwaras Act some of the important Sikh shrines such as those at Amritsar (the Golden Temple), Nankāṇā Sāhib and Muktsar. In the 1936-37 general elections under the Government of India Act of 1935, Central Akālī Dal supported the newly formed Khālsā National Party which had the upper hand as against the Shiromaṇī Akālī Dal. But gradually the influence of the Central Akālī Dal waned. It convened All-India Akhaṇḍ Hindustān Conference at Lahore on 6 June 1943 to protest against the Muslim League's demand for Pakistan and the Āzād Punjab scheme sponsored by the Shiromaṇī Akālī Dal. It held an Anti-Āzād Punjab Conference at Paňjā Sāhib on 16 August 1943 and another Akhaṇḍ Hindustān Conference at Chakvāl on 15 September 1943. One of its last political acts was the submission of a memorandum to the British Cabinet Mission in 1946. The demands set forth in the Memorandum included grant of complete independence to a united India with a strong Centre and without the right for the provinces to secede; the establishment of a special court to guarantee and safeguard the rights of the minorities; special representation for the Sikhs in the Constituent Assembly and in the Central legislature; representation for the Sikhs in the Punjab legislature on an equal footing with the Hindus and Muslims; joint electorates, with reservation of seats for the minorities; guarantee for the protection of the religious and cultural interests of the Sikhs and of their share in the armed forces of the country.
㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀吀栀攀 䄀氀氀ⴀ䤀渀搀椀愀 匀椀欀栀 䰀攀愀最甀攀Ⰰ 挀漀渀琀爀漀氀氀攀搀 戀礀 琀栀攀 䌀攀渀琀爀愀氀 䄀欀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀氀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 䐀愀氀Ⰰ 瀀愀猀猀攀搀 愀 爀攀猀漀氀甀琀椀漀渀 椀渀 椀琀猀 䰀愀栀漀爀攀 猀攀猀猀椀漀渀 漀渀 㐀 䨀甀渀攀 㤀㐀㘀 愀猀欀椀渀最 琀栀攀 䈀爀椀琀椀猀栀 䜀漀瘀攀爀渀洀攀渀琀 ∀琀漀 昀椀砀 愀 搀愀琀攀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 椀洀洀攀搀椀愀琀攀 眀椀琀栀搀爀愀眀愀氀 漀昀 䈀爀椀琀椀猀栀 昀漀爀挀攀猀 漀昀 漀挀挀甀瀀愀琀椀漀渀㬀 琀漀 眀椀瀀攀 漀甀琀 琀栀攀 甀渀搀攀洀漀挀爀愀琀椀挀 昀攀甀搀愀氀 愀渀搀 猀攀洀椀ⴀ昀攀甀搀愀氀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 漀昀 䤀渀搀椀愀渀 猀琀愀琀攀猀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 瀀爀椀瘀椀氀攀最攀搀 瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀 倀爀椀渀挀攀猀㬀 琀漀 氀椀洀椀琀 琀栀攀 漀瘀攀爀ⴀ爀椀搀椀渀最 瀀漀眀攀爀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 嘀椀挀攀爀漀礀 漀渀氀礀 琀漀 昀漀爀攀椀最渀 瀀漀氀椀挀礀 搀甀爀椀渀最 琀栀攀 瀀攀爀椀漀搀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䤀渀琀攀爀椀洀 一愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䜀漀瘀攀爀渀洀攀渀琀㬀 琀漀 瀀甀爀最攀 琀栀攀 䌀愀戀椀渀攀琀 䴀椀猀猀椀漀渀✀猀 瀀爀漀瀀漀猀愀氀 漀昀 琀栀攀 挀漀洀洀甀渀愀氀 瘀椀爀甀猀 戀攀椀渀最 椀渀樀攀挀琀攀搀 琀栀爀漀甀最栀 琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 漀昀 瀀爀漀瘀椀渀挀椀愀氀 最爀漀甀瀀椀渀最 愀渀搀 爀攀瀀爀攀猀攀渀琀愀琀椀漀渀 漀渀 挀漀洀洀甀渀愀氀 戀愀猀椀猀㬀 愀渀搀 琀漀 琀愀欀攀 椀洀洀攀搀椀愀琀攀 猀琀攀瀀猀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 氀椀焀甀椀搀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䤀渀搀椀愀渀 搀攀戀琀 琀栀爀漀甀最栀 琀栀攀 琀爀愀渀猀昀攀爀 漀昀 䈀爀椀琀椀猀栀 瘀攀猀琀攀搀 椀渀琀攀爀攀猀琀猀 椀渀 昀椀渀愀渀挀攀 愀渀搀 椀渀搀甀猀琀爀礀⸀ ⸀ ⸀ ∀ 䤀琀 昀甀爀琀栀攀爀 搀攀洀愀渀搀攀搀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 䤀渀琀攀爀椀洀 一愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䜀漀瘀攀爀渀洀攀渀琀 戀攀 挀漀洀瀀漀猀攀搀 漀昀 攀氀攀挀琀攀搀 洀攀洀戀攀爀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䌀攀渀琀爀愀氀 氀攀最椀猀氀愀琀甀爀攀 愀渀搀 琀栀愀琀 挀漀洀瀀氀攀琀攀 猀漀瘀攀爀攀椀最渀琀礀 戀攀 最爀愀渀琀攀搀 琀漀 琀栀攀 䌀漀渀猀琀椀琀甀攀渀琀 䄀猀猀攀洀戀氀礀 眀椀琀栀漀甀琀 爀攀猀攀爀瘀愀琀椀漀渀 愀渀搀 氀椀洀椀琀愀琀椀漀渀猀⸀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀNo efforts were made to revive the Central Akālī Dal in Independent India. One of its principal architects, Sardār Amar Siṅgh of the Sher-i-Punjab, died on 9 July 1948. Bābā Khaṛak Siṅgh spent last sixteen years of his life in political retirement in Delhi.
㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀ഀഀ䈀䤀䈀䰀䤀伀䜀刀䄀倀䠀夀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀∀㸀㰀漀氀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀∀㸀㰀氀椀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀∀㸀 匀愀爀栀愀搀椀Ⰰ 䄀樀椀琀 匀椀渀最栀Ⰰ 㰀椀㸀倀甀渀樀愀戀椀 匀甀戀愀㰀⼀椀㸀⸀ 䐀攀氀栀椀Ⰰ 㤀㜀 㰀䈀刀㸀ഀഀ
Jaṅg Bahādur Siṅgh